
It was most probably right down the birth cancel, across the pelvis. Bit careless of the vets though!! We had a situation where having spent the night in the vet's office, we came home with a supposedly empty bitch - I went to the loo leaving my husband to watch the new family and he yelled at me to come - another puppy was being delivered! She was clearly out of finger reach from the back end, or palpation. This was a situation where our vet lived a distance away, lived above the practice so he suggested I spend the night in one of the examination rooms as my bitch needed a shot for EACH delivery!! I had to keep calling him down each time after I felt she'd gone long enough between deliveries.
I'd be asking some serious question of whoever did the C.Section, not that there's much to be done re the dead puppy really. Hopefully your bitch and her family will be fine now.