> he has never been poorly, so I am very worried.
That's enough of a reason to go to the vet
There is no standard answer, only a list of questions you might want to ask yourself. Could he have eaten something he shouldn't, if so was it food or something else (such as a sock, stick, plastic toy, elastic band etc): has he been able to keep water down: can you hear stomach noises: are his gums pale? It's always a tricky one with bouts of sickness and what is normal in one dog may be a cause for alarm in another so my advice is always
if in doubt - go to the vet. Hope is is ok :)