
It is also very breed dependent. In my own breed the difference would not be noticeable to a casual observer.
I personally find the coat becomes less waterproof in my double coated breed, and a fraction softer.
If the coat is really good texture (in my breed harsh top coat soft undercoat) then it will largely stay that way.
I have a 12 1/2 year old bitch who has been complemented on the superb texture of her coat last weekend and often before, and she was spayed 5 years ago.
It does seem that some types of coat are very negatively affected by neutering, such as Spaniels and setters who have a silky top coat and flat undercoat. These seem to grow huge cotton like under coats and the top coat looses it's silkiness and goes curly and they become difficult to groom.
I believe similar things can happen to terrier coats.