can anyone tell me how to make a pomeranian walk up on its pasterns. i have started showing and noticed that the only ones that look like they are walking on tippy toes are the ones from abroad. grateful for any suggestions . M

The Kennel Club standard makes no mention of pasterns, but the FCI one says:

"The strong, medium length front pastern stands at an angle of 20 degrees from the vertical."

Pasterns should never be completely straight (common fault in some breeds which lead to knuckling over) as this is faulty construction for a dog.