I sold a litter of three beautiful puppies just before Christmas at the age of 10 weeks:  two males and one female.  One of the males was still missing one of his testicles, not yet descended at the time of sale.  I TOLD the new owners that and explained that it would probably still descend.  They were given all the various certificates, the FCI pedigree, the health booklet (international health pass), and much more, including a certificate of health from my vet, who had examined the puppies shortly before.
Today I received an email from the owners of the male in question, saying that they had just returned from a visit to their vet (for the continuation of the first vaccinations), and the vet told them that the puppy was probably a case of cryptoorchidismus and would need to be castrated (the puppy is almost exactly THREE months old).  She also told them that this would mean that the breeder (me) would be obliged to return half of the sale price of the puppy.  We signed a contract of sale which states no such thing, and the people were told about the testicle before they took the puppy home. I would like to know what you all think about that.  Thanks.

Did you not put it in writing? Even though testicles can descend later, you can never be certain that they will do, so if I sell a pup that only has one at time of sale and no sign of the other (i.e. you cannot easily feel it is very close) I put it in writing and reduce the price.

You reduce the price before you know whether it will be OK or not?

I took a 13 week old puppy to my vets for blood tests before vax & was told the same. My response was "really which one is down left or right ?"

You are right testicles in puppies can take ages to fully descend & either can be retracted until they finally are too big & stay down. My boys testicles didn't both fully descend until after he had finished teething totally around 9 months.

The worse thing anyone can do is keep checking for them as this can result in them permanently being retained, happened to a friend's puppy that went abroad entire & ended up retracting one.

If you are unhappy, I would take the puppy back & refund the money & find a better home where testicles are a minor consideration.

You reduce the price before you know whether it will be OK or not?

Yes, because I consider a puppy without two testicles at time of sale to have a defect -I would not buy one myself that didn't. A friend did buy such a pup twice, and the second testicle never appeared in either. The last pup I sold a couple of years ago with one testicle never dropped his either, so I was glad that I had told the owner it may never appear and if so he'd need to be neutered, hence reducing the price. I haven't had many pups with just one descended testicle, but other than in the cases where I could clearly feel it nearby and knew it would very likely soon drop (and it did), I have never known a pup to drop the second testicle past 10 weeks. So I'd rather have it all sorted with the buyer at the time of sale.

I once ran on a Löwchen puppy with a retained testicle, even though my vet couldn't locate it, and advised against keeping him. I used to lie him on my knee in the evenings, and gently stroke his lower abdomen - no poking or pulling. I can't remember exactly when it dropped and stayed down, but he was entire and in the ring at six months. He was never used at stud as he grew to top size and went into a pet home. I agree with Tommee, I would refund the purchaser and take back any puppy if they were dissatisfied with it, and find a loving home where they intended to neuter at an appropriate age.

I have never had an issue with this, especially as if anything people tend to neuter anyway, when it isn't really needed.

I wish that more owners were prepared to wait with neutering and perhaps get in the ring so that more males might be available for breeding.

I have never been able to tell if a male pup at 8 weeks is entire.  I can feel something but never able to distinguish if it's one or two, LOL

As I sell all mine as pets first and foremost, entirety re price paid is not an issue.

As for this case, in a small breed, I would certainly would say it is too soon to say they will not yet descend. 

There is no hurry to remove a retained testicle, so I would advise they wait until pup is over a year or 18 months. Assuming he was not sold as a show or breeding prospect then I can't see that a refund would be required, unless it is usual to sell entire animals at a premium.

>There is no hurry to remove a retained testicle, so I would advise they wait until pup is over a year or 18 months. Assuming he was not sold as a show or breeding prospect then I can't see that a refund would be required, unless it is usual to sell entire animals at a premium.<

No, I sure didn't sell the puppy as a show and breeding male.  Furthermore, I TOLD the people at the time of sale that one testicle had not yet descended. 

I have also heard that one should wait until at least 18 months to castrate. I too have had very little success at feeling for the testicles at such a young age.  I've always let my vet tell me what's what.

I will probably have to agree to foot the bill for the operation when the time comes...

I would tell them in fairly strong terms that 3 months is FAR too young to worry about the testicles, they often don't descend fully until 6-12 months. And tell them to stop poking around looking for them too. They should just enjoy their boy without worrying about it for another 6 months and revisit the topic then.

Males should not be castrated until their growth plates have closed & having a friend with a GSD male whose growth plates hadn't closed until he was nearly 2, I wouldn't castrate until a male was 2, before castrating. In the case of an undescended testicle only the retained one needs to be removed.

Certainly wouldn't expect the breeder to pay to remove either or both, if the dog was sold as a pet

Zuma only had 1 down when I bought him at 14 weeks, Breeder lowered the price by about 10%, Vet agreed that 18 mth-2 yrs would be quite soon enough to remove it.

It hadn't come down when he had surgery at 16/17 mth - vet rang to say she found it while 'rootling round inside' did I want it removed - Yes - other one? NO, so at 11½ he still has that one.

Sigh.   Sometimes I dispair at these 'holier than thou' vets.   All too often fresh out of Vet College.  How you deal with this is totally up to you and if pushed, I'd insist in having the puppy back and giving a full refund - but I seriously DOUBT you'll persuade these owners to part with the puppy.  Of course being wise after the event, the missing testicle situation should probably have been mentioned, written into the Sale Contract - perhaps even stating that they were to bring the puppy back when he was approaching at least A YEAR for you/your vet to take a look and if necessary have YOUR VET castrate him.   At your cost.   As it is, no way would I be having any thought about castration at 3 months, for starters.   It could still come down.

Puts me in mind of a vet who my new owners saw within 48 hours, at my suggestion, for his first vac. and general health check.   He went to them with one from my vet.  They came back saying whoever they saw said the pup was 'all wrong' and he wanted to x-ray top to bottom.  I asked them to bring him back for my vet to check him (again) and indeed had her speak to the new owners' vet.   They refused.   He spent an entire day, on the Wednesday after he'd gone from me on the previous Saturday.  What was found?   ABSOLUTELY NOTHING!   I wonder how many 10+ week Basset puppies this idiot of a vet had seen and I was literally weeping about that baby having to go from us and spend all day in more strange surroundings, much as he'd have probably been at least sedated at the time.   I had another vet who rubbished the diet sheet I'd sent one home with.   So don't talk to me about what some vets will say and do!

I hope you can sort this out between your new owners and you because my experience above, soured my relationship with my new owners big time.  Very sadly.

> The worse thing anyone can do is keep checking for them as this can result in them permanently being retained, happened to a friend's puppy that went abroad entire & ended up retracting one.

You are quite right.    More often than not, a puppy can go into the ring at 6 months, fully equipped, only for the judge to do the required check, and find one or both missing.   Early on it's all too easy for them to retract and indeed, it can become a habit it people groop around back there too often

I asked myself what would I expect as fair from the buyer's point of view if nothing was in the contract and I had not stated a desire to breed from him.    So, if I had no intention of castrating but had to have an op to remove the problem one then I would expect the breeder to offer to pay for that op but also be more than happy that the breeder advises on when they thought the op should be done.  Thereby giving plenty of time for it to drop but also giving the dog plenty of time to appropriately mature.   If I was going to castrate any way then I would expect nothing from the breeder.  Hindsight being a marvellous thing, as the dog had a "fault" on purchase, I would have expected to have been offered a reduction in price so that it was clearly understood on both sides what the situation was and whose responsibility it was should the fault have to be dealt with in the future.

There are quite a few different issues there Nimue...

Firstly, that vet was so rude to say anything about the sale price or contract or get involved in that at all.  That was extremely unprofessional and has only resulted in creating bad feelings between you and the owners which is completely unnecessary.  I would, frankly, call and speak to the practice - not about the puppy or the condition or whatever - but about their behaviour and what they had said about you.  I would use words like 'libel' and file a complaint with the practice - or threaten to. 

Ok, so that's the vet.

As for the puppy:  I would not place a puppy with only one testicle in a home which potentially wanted to show or breed from the puppy.  These are the only homes which should be concerned with a puppy having one testicle anyway.  So it should really be completely irrelevant to these new owners... but of course good practice to ensure they're aware of it at time of sale and that they have signed something to say they are aware of it (put it in the contract in some way).

Finally:  Research says that it is perfectly safe to wait until a dog is 18 MONTHS before castrating in the case of cryptorchidism - and even then you only need to remove the undescended testicle, not both.  (If you want the pup to retain hormones.)  This is the advice of repro vet Gary England in 'Dog Breeding, Whelping and Puppy Care' - which is a veterinary text book.  Given that most pet owners want to castrate anyway, this is really a non-issue...and not something you should pay for, if they were aware of it at purchase.

Was the other testical present but just not dropped down or could it not be felt at all? Im wondering if the vet cant feel it at all and if that's the case when they do decide to neuter if its still not appeared the vet will have to go fishing for it which will cost a lot more than a normal castration would. If it wasn't present at all and you sold the pup at full price I would refund some of the money to cover the extra cost of the castration.

But a lot would depend on if there are any laws in regards to selling 'defective' puppies in your county.

I  don't find at all that most pet owners want to neuter, I'd say it's 50/50 and then for someone who had not planned to neuter to have to pay for abdominal surgery is absolutely not right, so it's certainly not a non issue with pups sold as pets. Furthermore we know that in cats if you wait longer than usual for a testicle to drop and it does, it then is likely to produce offspring, if used for breeding, that are late as well. So I still say that one testicle only at 10 weeks max should not be considered acceptable for any buyer. Pet owners should pay less (I don't want to have to pay out money potentially 2-3 years later - I  could even be dead then) and anyone wishing to show or breed should only accept entire pups. I think this is the fairest way for everyone.

Thank you all so much for this interesting and helpful discussion.  Let me see if I can give a few more details.
I TOLD the buyers on pick-up day about the one testicle not having been located by my vet at 8 weeks or so.  My vet did not feel it necessary - nor did I -  to alarm and upset the new owners by doing much of anything at the time of sale, since the development and outcome was (and still is) totally up in the air.  I told them that it could very likely come down in the next weeks or so, but that it would need to be watched until it did.  We did not discuss "What if it DOESN'T..."

I use a contract from a legal organisation here in Switzerland called Certodog.  You can google it, if you want to.  Its purpose is the protection and well-being of dogs nationwide. I am a member and my puppies are registered with Certodog as well as with the FCI.  The FCI-Switzerland allows us breeders to use contracts other than their own as long as the content is basically the same.  The Certodog contract of sale conforms to this, and in fact contains a great deal more, especially concerning the welfare of the dog.  About the discovery of abnormalities after the sale has been completed, it states that a veterinary certificate must confirm the problem within the first 20 days after the sale of the puppy, in which case the breeder can be charged up to half of the sale price towards any medical treatments involved.  If, however, the discovery is made after the 20 days have already elapsed, the breeder is not held responsible for any charges unless it can be proved that the breeder willfully withheld information and tried to dupe the buyers.

My next step is going to be a consultation with my own vet on Thursday this week.  I plan to ask him if he could contact the people and advise them.  He delivered the puppy by C-section on October 14 and oversaw the development of the litter.  I would be happy if HE would do whatever operative procedure might be required (I still hold out some hope for the testicle to appear) and also would determine the optimal time to do so.  I know the vet the people went to (they do not live very far from me - around 40 minutes by car), and I departed from her (the vet's) practice some years ago, as she is of the firm opinion that only that which can be found somewhere in writing is worthy of being considered valid.  Since life (and breeding) are far more complex than that, I preferred to look for a different approach and am totally happy with my now-vet, who lives near and is just great.

Naturally, in the end analysis, when push comes to shove, I am not going to make any huge problems.  First comes the welfare of the puppy.  And I am not interested in putting myself through any "knock-down, drag-outs".  I'll pay.  But I am rather "hurt" that the people, whom I treated with a lot of generosity,  letting them come to visit and play with the puppies every 10 days for 10 weeks, showering them with photos more than once a week (as I always do), taking care that they were well-informed about everything they needed to know and have on hand (I give out a printed document, containing advice about sleeping arrangements and house breaking, addresses where they can find grooming products, pictures of soft crates, long explanations about nutrition and safety and links to websites, etc.) would so blatantly drag me over the coals with no real cause to do so.  They got a beautiful puppy, pure white, just as they "ordered" before the puppies were born!  They have no intentions of breeding and signed my own contract, drawn up to that effect.

This puppy isn't"defective"his second testicle hasn't descended YET. As this was pointed out before purchase the puppy was bought "as is" & why should the breeder fund something that the new iwners might be needed. Many people prefer to have their dogs neutered & these people may intend to have the puppy castrated when mature.

A lot is being made of selling a healthy puppy for less because at the time of sale one testicle hasn't descended. Doesnt make him any less healthy than his brother & if it never descends the removal is a solution to any possible future health problem that COULD be caused. I know of several dogs with this"problem" who have lived long healthy lives without any intervention in the past. Today prevention is more normal in these cases.

I personally would not have a problem owning this puppy & being guided by the breeder as to any future interventions

> I would tell them in fairly strong terms that 3 months is FAR too young to worry about the testicles, they often don't descend fully until 6-12 months. And tell them to stop poking around looking for them too.

Too right!  I agree 100%

Yes I totally agree too.  10 weeks is far to young to call this....

I agree that at this age it's far too young to operate to remove the retained testicle - if it hasn't descended by 12 months then yes, it'll have to be done, but the normally-descended one can stay in place. However surgery to remove a retained testicle is far more costly (certainly the cost of a bitch spay, and sometimes more) and difficult than a simple castrate and so, as the potential has for this has been known abot before the sale, it would be sensible to reduce the price of the puppy by the cost of possible future surgery. As the money has changed hands then refunding the cost of the surgery (if/when it happens) would be a sign of goodwill - after all, you'd have to pay for it if you'd kept the pup. This pup was sold with a known potential medical problem and so it's hard to understand why it was sold at full price.

>This pup was sold with a known potential medical problem and so it's hard to understand why it was sold at full price.<

Because it was not (and still isn't) at all established that a medical problem will DEFINITELY result!  And because one did not want to alarm the new owners unnecessarily.   I keep reading here that there is certainly a good chance that the testicle might still descend, and so I still have some hope that the potential problem might resolve on its own.  Right or wrong, I don't know...

In any case, I'm right here to pick up the pieces. I won't desert anyone, especially not my puppy.  The owners are extremely loving, an older couple with loads of money and all the time in the world.  They live in a palace of a house overlooking the Lake of Constance.

I have no idea if my experience is helpful but one of mine was thought to have two descended testicles when we bought him as a pet. In being taken to my vet he suggested this was not the case. I advised the breeder and we agreed we would watch and wait. at around 12 months when there was definitely only one I agreed to castrate,possibly a little early ,  at the same time the vet would locate and remove the other. This required a fair amount of abdominal surgery which was all paid for by my pet insurance. In effect neither I nor the breeder incured costs.true it may have slightly affected my premium but if it did it was very slight .I only say this as if they are insuranced the insurance may pay for any extra surgery based on medical grounds. I agree with others it's far to young to consider surgery now

> We did not discuss "What if it DOESN'T..."

Could this be why their vet has told them they can get half the money back? if they have told the vet they didn't realise that if it didn't come down it could result in a more expensive and time consuming op to find and remove it?
I've know two people who's pups didn't desend, one the vet could feel it so while the price was higher it wasn't too much extra work but the other one the second one couldn't be felt and the vet opened him up and searched around for it. Took much longer and costed three times the amount of their other dog so they say.

Could be their vet may have scaired them a bit possibly, I know with one of the ones my friend has the vet wanted to do the op asap citing cancer as the reason to rush, but he also has a crap heart so they had to wait. But Glad to here the home is a good one after all that's what matters most, I'm sure whatever happens with the missing nut the pup will have a wonderful life.

furriefriends has a good point.  All my pups are sold with a PetPlan free 8 week insurance on them.  If owners take out a policy with PetPlan when that is up, then conditions pre-existing continue to be covered.  So if surgery was then required at 1 year or two years, it would be covered by the insurance - if you sold the pup with insurance? 

I agree you can't sell the pup at a reduced price - what if the testicle then descends?!  Maybe you could have agreed that, if the testicle hadn't descended by X date, then you would cover the cost of surgery for it or refund X amount.  That would also give you control over the date and how long the pup stays intact for - ie - you could say 18 months, enabling him to stay intact and have his hormones that long....

But I do think you should have discussed what would happen if it didn't descend and have the convo that you didn't have...

>>This pup was sold with a known potential medical problem and so it's hard to understand why it was sold at full price.<
>Because it was not (and still isn't) at all established that a medical problem will DEFINITELY result!

What you mean is that it isn't certain whether the known developmental probemwill resolve itself naturally, or whether surgical intervention will be needed. Currently the pup does have a known problem which would not be covered by insurance.

>All my pups are sold with a PetPlan free 8 week insurance on them.

Petplan, to my knowledge, only offer 4 weeks free insurance. Treatment for an undescended testicle would not be covered. (My practice recently had a long and unsuccessful challenge to their decision not to cover repair of an umbilical hernia which was present at the first vet check, despite being 'covered' by the breeder's covernote.)

>But I do think you should have discussed what would happen if it didn't descend and have the convo that you didn't have...<

Perhaps with another person I would have attempted the conversation you say I should have had.  The problem is that this woman is a rather simple person, and she tends to fail at understanding things properly and becomes distraught.  Her husband not so, so he straightens things out.  But we had already had a lot of confusion on her part about the registration of the chip number, all manner of false assumptions and back and forths, so I felt it was best to avoid creating a situation like that before we even knew what the outcome of the missing testicle would be.  By the way, selling a pup with insurance is unheard of here.   No such thing as Pet Plan for breeders selling puppies.

A point no one has raised is what if this puppy only has 1 testicle & there is no retained testicle ? 

There are dogs who have only one or none , this can happen in all mammals, had a perfect in every other way ram lamb born 30 odd years ago. He never had any testicles at all, was such a shame as physically he was an excellent animal. Being a rare breed(even back then)couldn't bring myself to sell him for slaughter & he ended up a living lawn mower for a retired shepherd.

Just a thought !!

NOT having read all this after your explanation re what goes on it Switzerland (which I fully understand as I have a pal out there who breeds and she's told me what she has to do re breeding!), I'd suggest that as there's 'history' between you and these new owners' vet, and that vet knows where the puppy has come from, she's probably making her feelings about you colour what she's telling these new owners   ?

Again and as I have read has already been said here, it's way too soon to be talking about castration for this puppy, regardless of whether eventually the pup has to be castrated, or not.   I prefer to see them present by 10 weeks but that's not always the case.

a prospective owner must be able to take out insurance from date of purchase if they wish .again it's what I do and even though it was found  very early on that one  had not descended when.it was decided to remove on vets advise ( he did have two just not both descended ) it was then seen as medical.until that point there was no medical issue .  I appreciate this doesn't help this situation but could for anyone reading . Other option might  have been the breeder contribution to costs of extra surgery but that wasn't discussed .

Odd isn't it how.theu can vary .my toy breed had an unbilical hernia which was dealt with on spay as well as biopsy as vet was concerned when she got inside.all paid under the insurance.dog was around 2 years

>The problem is that this woman is a rather simple person, and she tends to fail at understanding things properly and becomes distraught.  Her husband not so, so he straightens things out.  But we had already had a lot of confusion on her part about the registration of the chip number, all manner of false assumptions and back and forths

I don't think I would have sold these people a puppy.  A lot of these things depend on the relationship between breeder and buyer and when that breaks down, everything goes down the pan.  I really do have to like all my new homes and really want them, as owners and people I'll know and be connected to, for the lifetime of the dog.  If there were a lot of false assumptions or things were 'difficult' I would have taken that as a sign of things to come and not homed a puppy to them.  But I understand that hindsight is a brilliant thing and it's easy for me to sit here and say that I wouldn't do X or Y - but just wanted to point out that selecting the right people to own pups can get around a lot of this hassle afterwards...

> I would not place a puppy with only one testicle in a home which potentially wanted to show or breed from the puppy.  These are the only homes which should be concerned with a puppy having one testicle anyway.

I'm pretty sure that's not the case, any pet owner would be concerned that their dog needed an operation that wouldn't be needed if both testicles were descended. From a dog welfare point of view, hassle point of view (post op care) and expense p.o.v. every owner would be concerned if their dog only had one testicle down.

I recently arranged the purchase of a pup for an older friend, and I was horrified when he arrived at 12 weeks with only one testicle and the breeder hadn't mentioned it at all. The pups new owner was really worried about the op he would need, and upset she hadn't been asked if she still wanted him with one testicle. The breeder is a lovely person but fairly new to breeding and just didn't appreciate the importance of telling potential new owners that the dog was monorchid.

> Being a rare breed(even back then)couldn't bring myself to sell him for slaughter & he ended up a living lawn mower for a retired shepherd.

     

Was the puppy really a monchid ? i.e. has only one testicle & not a unilateral (one-sided) cryptorchidism, which is where there are two testicles, but only one descends into the scrotum, while the other is retained in abdomen ?

The definition of monorchidism includes the retention of one in the abdomen. It is not exclusive to having only one

Just to add we had one of only two puppies in a litter (one of each) who I sold without one being present and they were waiting before going ahead with going in to find the missing one.   Unfortunately this became an emergency after the pup became very ill when it was discovered the retained testicle had become 'strangulated', as I understand it.**  Thankfully it was found (obviously) and removed, along with the other one as they felt they might as well get that done while he was having the general anaesthetic.   There was no waiting with him.   I lost contact, sadly, with them so don't know any more.

**  "One complication of cryptorchidism is spermatic cord torsion (twisting onto itself). If this occurs, there will signs consistent with sudden and severe abdominal pain."    I just did a quick search and discovered this from one website.   It sounds like exactly what happened with that poor boy.

The term Cryptorchism in veterinary & medical science refers to an undescended testicle. Monorchid refers to a mammal with only one testicle in veterinary & medical science.

Colloquially the two are frequently incorrectly used

::: yawn

"Medical Definition of monorchid: having only one testis or only one testis descended into the scrotum

My Blacks Veterinary Dictionary (21st Edition 2005 - there may be subsequent Editions) states  -
"CRYPTORCHID
An animal in which 1 or both testicles have not descended into the scrotum from the abdominal cavity at the usual time......"

"MONORCHID
This term is commonly used by dog-breeders to mean an animal in which only 1 testicle has descended into the scrotum.  Such an animal is correctly called a unilateral cryptorchid, the term 'monorchid' being reserved for the animal with a single testicle (a far rarer condition)"

Blacks goes on  comment on the KC rules currently are re showing and then says -
"Cryptorchidism is an inherited condition (though it has been claimed that feeding rats on a biotin-deficient diet caused their testicles to return to the abdomen after 2 or 3 weeks) but the precise mechanism of inheritance has not yet been determined"

I was debating whether to delay removal of retained testicle until i discovered leaving it runs higher risk of torsion. I have seen that first hand  - slight pain at 9am, dropped to knees with agony by 3pm and on operating table by 10pm. It was utterly horrific and I am not risking that for my dog.

Last week i obtained quotes for castration with retained testicle, as follows:

Costs of castration with retained testicle:
1. if testicle can be found manually without further incision: £175.00
2. If testicle cannot be located and inguinal incision necessary: £175.00 plus £80 - £100.
3. If abdominal surgery needed to located testicle: £175.00 plus additional £220.00

>runs higher risk of torsion

But surely you would want to know what that risk is, exactly?  A 'higher risk' doesn't really say much if the risk is very low anyway. 

Especially not when early neutering increases the risk of many cancers; auto-immune disease; adverse vaccine reactions; joint and hip dysplasia; behavioural disorders; separation anxiety....and much more.  It's not exactly risk-free...

But this is a baby puppy not an older dog if you operate now to remove the undescended testicle the testes will be far harder to find due to it's tiny size(this is a small breed BTW) & the operation could be extremely dufficult costing far more than you have been quoted.

The testicle could still descend

I just heard from my GSD Breeder that my 9 wk old puppy I’m due to pick up tomorrow has one undescended testicle. I’m not panicking after reading your Breeder comments on this site, but I had told the Breeder Before this info that I was hoping he could be a stud later and I was intending to show him.
What should I do? The contract doesn’t mention anything about this situation and quite frankly, my other dogs have all been female so I had no idea to put it in the contract.
He’s a beautiful, sweet dog but it was my intention to breed him and I said this to Breeder who was OK with that.

Personally, if I was wanting a male pup with the intention of possibly breeding in the future (ofcourse he'd have to pass all the other tests first) I wouldn't take a puppy with a potential problem like this. It might well come down, especially if it can be felt very close to the inguinal ring, but equally it might not, and that would totally rule him out from being a stud dog. What it boils down to is "Are you a gambler?" And if it doesn't come down, would you be 100% happy to keep him just as a pet?

I would not take a pup with an undescended testicle if you want to breed from him in future.  You're setting yourself up for potentially many stressful 'will it, won't it?' months ahead, and then ultimately a lot of disappointment...

So you are really buying a puppy not as a pet, but to breed from.

So you buy a entire puppy who when health tested turns out to have a high HD score or an ED score of 1 or more, be carrying a DM or similar gene, have a faulty mouth, missing teeth, floppy ears ? Are you going to get a breeder who will guarantee these things so you can get your money back because you wouldnt be able to use him morally at stud

If you want to have a guaranteed healthy stud dog, forget buying a puppy as so many things can go wrong & buy a health tested show winning dog, yes much more expensive & you might not get people lining up to use him if he isn't winning in the show ring, but you could morally offer him at stud.

Not something I would ever do, buy a puppy expressly to breed from as a stud dog, would have loved to use one or two of my past dogs st stud( & yes despite never being bred from they were all fully health & good examples of the breeds), but they were never obtained to be bred from, they were obtained to work.

It's a bit different though, isn't it?  Because you don't know if the puppy has a high ED score or will develop a faulty mouth when you purchase him, whereas you do know that he has only one testicle descended.

It's about ensuring you have the best chances, as much as it's within your power to do so.

I can't think of anything more depressing than just buying an adult 'show winning' dog purely to stud out.  Surely the pleasure is in having raised the dog, brought him on, and played a part in his development.  Not just in a financial transaction which means you now own a dog.  And if you're going to invest all that in a puppy with the hope of him becoming a suitable stud, then ensuring you start out with the best chances to begin with, surely makes sense...