
I'm not 100% sure about US scans in dogs - but in humans they need a full bladder for scans in pelvic area, kidneys, liver, urinary tract, bladder - but for transvaginal scanning the bladder has to be empty. In pregnancy they need a full bladder at early stages of pregnancy but its not necessary with scans very late in the pregnancy.
Maybe its the same with dogs? i.e. depends what is being scanned and what is being looked for?